Ipulasitiki ye-PVC ihlanganiswa negesi ye-acetylene ne-hydrogen chloride, bese yenziwa i-polymerized.Ekuqaleni kwawo-1950, yakhiqizwa indlela ye-acetylene carbide, futhi ngasekupheleni kwawo-1950, yaphendukela endleleni ye-ethylene oxidation enempahla eluhlaza eyanele kanye nezindleko eziphansi;Njengamanje, ngaphezu kwe-80% yama-resin e-PVC emhlabeni akhiqizwa ngale ndlela.Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kuka-2003, ngenxa yentengo kawoyela ekhuphukayo, izindleko zendlela ye-acetylene carbide zazingaphansi kwe-10% kunendlela ye-ethylene oxidation, ngakho-ke inqubo yokuhlanganisa ye-PVC yaphendukela endleleni ye-acetylene carbide.
Ipulasitiki ye-PVC yenziwa i-polymerized nge-liquid vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) ngokusebenzisa ukumiswa, ukugcoba, ubuningi noma inqubo yesisombululo.Inqubo yokumiswa kwe-polymerization ibe yindlela eyinhloko yokukhiqiza inhlaka ye-PVC enenqubo yokukhiqiza evuthiwe, ukusebenza okulula, izindleko eziphansi zokukhiqiza, izinhlobo eziningi zemikhiqizo kanye nohlu olubanzi lwezicelo.Ibalelwa kumaphesenti angama-90 wezitshalo zomhlaba zokukhiqiza i-PVC (i-homopolymer iphinde ibe nenani elilinganiselwa ku-90% lomkhiqizo we-PVC ophelele emhlabeni).Eyesibili indlela yokugcoba, esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza inhlaka ye-PVC yokunamathisela.Ukusabela kwe-polymerization kuqalwa ngama-radicals mahhala, futhi izinga lokushisa lokusabela ngokuvamile lingama-40~70oc.Izinga lokushisa lokusabela kanye nokugxila kokuqalisa kunomthelela omkhulu kuzinga le-polymerization kanye nokusabalalisa kwesisindo samangqamuzana e-PVC resin.
Songa ukukhetha kweresiphi
Ifomula yephrofayili yepulasitiki ye-PVC ikakhulukazi yakhiwe inhlaka ye-PVC nezithasiselo, ezihlukaniswe zibe: isinzisi sokushisa, isithambisi, isilungisi sokucubungula, isilungisi somthelela, isigcwalisi, i-ejenti elwa nokuguga, umbala, njll. Ngaphambi kokuklama ifomula ye-PVC, kufanele siqale qonda ukusebenza kwe-PVC resin kanye nezithasiselo ezihlukahlukene.
1. I-resin izoba yi-pvc-sc5 resin noma i-pvc-sg4 resin, okungukuthi, i-PVC resin ene-polymerization degree ye-1200-1000.
2. Uhlelo lokuzinza kwe-thermal kumele lwengezwe.Khetha ngokuya ngezidingo zangempela zokukhiqiza, futhi unake umphumela we-synergistic nomthelela ophikisayo phakathi kweziqinisi zokushisa.
3. Isilungisi somthelela kumele sengezwe.Izilungisi zomthelela ze-CPE ne-ACR zingakhethwa.Ngokusho kwezinye izingxenye zefomula kanye namandla e-plasticizing we-extruder, inani elingeziwe liyizingxenye ezingu-8-12.I-CPE inenani eliphansi kanye nohlu olubanzi lwemithombo;I-ACR inokumelana nokuguga okuphezulu namandla e-fillet.
4. Engeza inani elifanele ohlelweni lokuthambisa.Uhlelo lokugcoba lunganciphisa umthwalo wemishini yokucubungula futhi lenze umkhiqizo ubushelelezi, kodwa ukweqisa kuzobangela amandla e-weld fillet ehle.
5. Ukwengeza isilungisi sokucubungula kungathuthukisa ikhwalithi yokwenza ipulasitiki futhi kuthuthukise ukubukeka kwemikhiqizo.Ngokuvamile, i-ACR processing modifier yengezwa ngenani lezingxenye ezingu-1-2.
6. Ukwengeza i-filler kunganciphisa izindleko futhi kwandise ukuqina kwephrofayela, kodwa kunomthelela omkhulu emandleni omthelela wezinga lokushisa eliphansi.I-calcium carbonate ekhanyayo esebenzayo enokuqina okuphezulu kufanele yengezwe, nenani elingeziwe lezingxenye ezi-5-15.
7. Inani elithile le-titanium dioxide kumelwe lengezwe ukuze livikele imisebe ye-ultraviolet.I-Titanium dioxide kufanele ibe uhlobo lwe-rutile, nenani elingeziwe lezingxenye ezingu-4-6.Uma kunesidingo, ama-absorber e-ultraviolet UV-531, uv327, njll angangezwa ukwandisa ukumelana nokuguga kwephrofayili.
8. Ukwengeza isibani esikhanyayo esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nese-fluorescent ngenani elifanele kungawuthuthukisa kakhulu umbala wephrofayela.
9. Ifomula kufanele yenziwe ibe lula ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi izithasiselo eziwuketshezi akufanele zengezwe ngangokunokwenzeka.Ngokwezidingo zenqubo yokuxuba (bona inkinga yokuxuba), ifomula kufanele ihlukaniswe ibe impahla I, impahla II kanye nempahla III ngamaqoqo ngokuya ngokulandelana kokuphakelayo, futhi ihlanganiswe ngokulandelana.
I-polymerization yokumiswa egoqiwe
I-polymerization yokumiswa igcina amaconsi oketshezi lomzimba olulodwa emisiwe emanzini ngokunyakazisa okuqhubekayo, futhi ukusabela kwe-polymerization kwenziwa ngamaconsi amancane e-monomer.Ngokuvamile, i-polymerization yokumiswa iwukuba i-polymerization ngezikhathi ezithile.
Eminyakeni yamuva, izinkampani ziye zafunda ngokuqhubekayo futhi zathuthukisa ifomula, i-polymerizer, ukuhlukahluka komkhiqizo kanye nekhwalithi yenqubo ye-polymerization yokumiswa okwesikhashana ye-PVC resin, futhi yathuthukisa ubuchwepheshe benqubo enezici zabo.Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe benkampani ye-Geon (inkampani yangaphambili ye-BF Goodrich), ubuchwepheshe benkampani ye-shinyue eJapane kanye nobuchwepheshe benkampani ye-EVC eYurophu busetshenziswa kabanzi.Ubuchwepheshe balezi zinkampani ezintathu bubalelwa ku-21% amandla amasha okukhiqiza inhlaka ye-PVC kusukela ngo-1990.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-15-2022