Izinzuzo Zokusebenzisa Iphakheji Yepulasitiki
Ukupakishwa kwepulasitiki kusivumela ukuthi sivikele, silondoloze, sigcine futhi sihambise imikhiqizo ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene.
Ngaphandle kokupakishwa kwepulasitiki, imikhiqizo eminingi abathengi abayithengayo ngeke ithathe uhambo oluya ekhaya noma esitolo, noma iphile isesimweni esihle isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuthi ingadliwa noma isetshenziswe.
1. Kungani Usebenzisa Iphakheji Yepulasitiki?
Ngaphezu kwakho konke, amapulasitiki asetshenziswa ngenxa yenhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yezinzuzo abanikezayo;Ukuqina: Amaketanga e-polymer amade ahlanganisa izinto ezingavuthiwe zepulasitiki akwenza kube nzima ngokudlulele ukuhlephuka.Ukuphepha: Iphakeji yepulasitiki ayinqamuki futhi ayiqhekeki ibe izingcucu eziyingozi uma iwa.Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nokuphepha kokupakishwa kwepulasitiki, kanye nokuphepha kwakho lapho uthintana nokudla, vakashela ukuphepha kwamaphakheji epulasitiki.
Inhlanzeko: Ukufakwa kwepulasitiki kukulungele ukupakisha ukudla, imithi kanye nemithi.Ingagcwaliswa futhi ivalwe ngaphandle kokungenelela komuntu.Izinto ezisetshenziswayo, zombili izinto zokusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki nezithasiselo, zigcwalisa yonke imithetho yokuphepha kokudla emazingeni kazwelonke nawe-European Union.Imikhiqizo yepulasitiki ijwayele ukusetshenziswa njengemishini yezokwelapha ekuthintaneni okuseduze nezicubu zomzimba futhi ivumelana nezindinganiso eziphakeme kakhulu zokuphepha ekusebenziseni kwayo okusindisa impilo.
Ukuphepha: Amaphakheji epulasitiki angakhiqizwa futhi asetshenziswe ngokuvalwa okubonakala ngokuphazima kweso kanye nokumelana nezingane.Ukuba sobala kwephakethe kwenza abasebenzisi bakwazi ukuhlola isimo sempahla ngaphambi kokuthenga.Isisindo Esilula: Izinto zokupakisha zepulasitiki zinesisindo esincane kodwa zinamandla amakhulu.Ngakho-ke imikhiqizo epakishwe kumapulasitiki kulula ukuyiphakamisa nokuyiphatha ngabathengi kanye nabasebenzi abakuchungechunge lokusabalalisa.Inkululeko Yokuklama: Izakhiwo zezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezihlanganiswe noxhaxha lobuchwepheshe bokucubungula obusetshenziswa embonini, kusukela kumjovo kanye nokubumba i-blow kuya ku-thermoforming, kunika amandla ukukhiqizwa kwenani elingapheli lamajamo wephakethe kanye nokucushwa.Ukwengeza uhla olubanzi lwamathuba ombala kanye nokulula kokuphrinta nokuhlobisa kusiza ukuhlonza uhlobo nolwazi lomthengi.
2. Iphakethe Lazo Zonke Izinkathi Zonyaka Imvelo yobuchwepheshe bepulasitiki nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto ezingavuthiwe nezindlela zokucubungula zivumela ukwakhiwa kokupakisha ngezinhlobonhlobo ezingapheli zomumo, imibala kanye nezakhiwo zobuchwepheshe.Cishe noma yini ingapakishwa kumapulasitiki - uketshezi, izimpushana, okuqinile kanye nama-semi-solids.3. Igalelo Ekuthuthukisweni Okusimeme
3.1 Ukupakishwa kwepulasitiki konga amandla Ngoba kungasindi amapulasitiki okupakisha angonga amandla ekuthuthweni kwezimpahla ezipakishiwe.Kusetshenziswa uphethiloli omncane, kukhona ukukhishwa kwegesi okuphansi futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, kunokongiwa kwezindleko zabasabalalisi, abathengisi nabathengi.
Ibhodwe le-yogurt elenziwe ngengilazi linesisindo esingama-85grams, kanti elenziwe ngamapulasitiki linesisindo esingu-5.5grams kuphela.Elolini eligcwele umkhiqizo opakishwe ezitsheni zengilazi u-36% womthwalo uzobalwa ngokupakishwa kwawo.Uma ipakishwe ezikhwameni zepulasitiki iphakethe lingafinyelela ku-3.56%.Ukuze kuthuthwe inani elifanayo leyogathi kudingeka amaloli amathathu ezitsheni zengilazi, kodwa amabili kuphela amabhodwe epulasitiki.
3.2 Ukupakishwa kwePlastiki kuwukusetshenziswa okuphelele kwezinsiza Ngenxa yamandla aphezulu / isilinganiso sesisindo sokupakishwa kwamapulasitiki kungenzeka ukupakisha umthamo onikeziwe womkhiqizo ngamapulasitiki kunokupakisha izinto zendabuko.
Kubonisiwe ukuthi uma bekungekho ukupakishwa kwepulasitiki okutholakala emphakathini futhi bekukhona usizo oludingekayo kwezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo zokupakisha isisindo sokupakisha, amandla kanye nokukhishwa kwe-GHG bekungakhuphuka.3.3 Ukupakishwa kwepulasitiki kuvimbela ukulahlwa kokudla Cishe amaphesenti angama-50 yenani eliphelele lokudla okulahlwe e-UK livela emakhaya ethu.Silahla amathani ayizigidi ezingu-7.2 okudla neziphuzo ezindlini zethu minyaka yonke e-UK, futhi ngaphezu kwesigamu salokhu ukudla neziphuzo ebesingakudla.Ukumosha lokhu kudla kubiza i-avareji yama-£480 ngonyaka, ekhuphukela ku-£680 emndenini onabantwana, okulingana no-£50 ngenyanga.
Ukuqina kanye nokuvaleleka kokupakishwa kwepulasitiki kuvikela izimpahla ekuwohlokeni futhi kukhulisa impilo yeshalofu.Ngokupakishwa okushintshiwe komkhathi owenziwe ngamapulasitiki, ukuphila kweshalofu kunganyuswa kusukela ezinsukwini ezi-5 kuye kweziyi-10, okuvumela ukulahlekelwa kokudla ezitolo kwehliswe kusuka ku-16% kuya ku-4%.Amagilebhisi manje asethengiswa ngamathileyi avaliwe ukuze lawo axegeyo ahlale nesixha.Lokhu kwehlise imfucuza ezitolo ngokujwayelekile ngaphezu kuka-20%.
3.4 Ukupakishwa kwePlastiki: ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo ngokusungula izinto ezintsha Kukhona irekhodi eliqinile lokuqamba okusha embonini yokupakisha amapulasitiki ase-UK.
Ukuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe kanye nobuciko bokuklama kwehlise inani lamapulastiki adingekayo ukupakisha inani elinikeziwe lomkhiqizo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngaphandle kokudela amandla ephekhi noma ukuqina.Isibonelo nje ibhodlela lepulasitiki eliyi-1 litre elalinesisindo esingu-120gms ngo-1970 manje linesisindo esingama-43gms, ukuncipha ngo-64%.I-4 Plastics Packaging Kusho Imithelela Ephansi Yemvelo
4.1 Uwoyela negesi ngokwengqikithi - ukonga ngekhabhoni ngamapulasitiki okupakishwa Ukupakishwa kwePlastiki kulinganiselwa ukuthi kubangele u-1.5% kuphela wokusetshenziswa kukawoyela negesi, isilinganiso se-BPF.Amabhulokhi okwakha amakhemikhali ezinto zokusetshenziswa zepulasitiki atholakala emikhiqizweni yenqubo yokucwengisiswa obekungeke kusetshenziswe okunye.Nakuba uwoyela negesi omningi kusetshenziselwa ezokuthutha nokushisisa, usizo lwalokho okusetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwamapulasitiki kunwetshwa ukugaywa kabusha kwamapulasitiki kanye nethuba lokubuyisela okuqukethwe kwawo kwamandla ekupheleni kwempilo yawo ngokumosha ezitshalweni zamandla.Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngo-2004 eCanada lwabonisa ukuthi ukufaka esikhundleni sokupakishwa kwepulasitiki nezinye izinto kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwamagigajoules ayizigidi ezingu-582 engeziwe futhi kuzodala amathani ayizigidi ezingu-43 zokuphuma kwe-CO2 eyengeziwe.Amandla alondolozwa unyaka ngamunye ngokusebenzisa amaphakheji epulasitiki alingana nemiphongolo kawoyela eyizigidi eziyi-101.3 noma inani le-CO2 elikhiqizwa izimoto zabagibeli eziyizigidi eziyi-12.3.
4.2 Ukupakishwa kwamapulasitiki asesebenziseka kabusha Izinhlobo eziningi zamapulastiki ezipakishwayo zinde – ama-artifact okuphila.Amakhreyithi abuyiswayo, isibonelo, anesikhathi sokuphila esingaphezu kweminyaka engama-25 noma ngaphezulu futhi izikhwama ezisebenziseka kabusha zidlala indima enkulu ekuthengiseni okunesibopho.
4.3 Irekhodi eliqinile lokugaywa kabusha Iphakethe lepulasitiki likwazi ukugaywa kabusha futhi uhla olukhulayo lwamaphakeji epulasitiki luhlanganisa nokusetshenziswa kabusha.Umthetho we-EU manje uvumela ukusetshenziswa kwamapulasitiki agaywe kabusha emaphaketheni amasha ahloselwe ukudla.
NgoJuni 2011 iKomidi Lokweluleka Likahulumeni Ngokupakishwa (i-ACP) lamemezela ukuthi ngo-2010/11 u-24.1% wawo wonke amaphakheji epulasitiki agaywa kabusha e-UK futhi le mpumelelo yeqe inani elihlosiwe lika-22.5% elishiwo uhulumeni.Imboni yase-UK yokugaywa kabusha kwepulasitiki ingenye yeziguquguqukayo kakhulu e-EU enezinkampani ezingaba ngu-40 ezakha i-BPF's Recycling Group. Ukugaywa kabusha kwethani elingu-1 lamabhodlela epulasitiki konga amathani angu-1.5 ekhabhoni kanye nebhodlela lepulasitiki elilodwa konga amandla anele ukusebenzisa isibani sokukhanyisa esingama-watt angu-60 ukuze sisetshenziswe. 6 amahora.
4.4 Amandla aphuma kumfucumfucu ephaketheni lePlastiki lingagaywa kabusha izikhathi eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu ngaphambi kokuba izakhiwo zayo zibe buthaka.Ekupheleni kokupakishwa kwamapulasitiki okuphila kungathunyelwa kumandla avela ezinhlelweni zikadoti.Amapulastiki anenani eliphezulu lekhalori.Ubhasikidi oxubile wemikhiqizo yepulasitiki eyenziwe nge-Polyethylene kanye ne-Polyproplylene, isibonelo, ingaba, ku-45 MJ/kg, ibe nenani elikhulu kakhulu le-caloric enetha kunamalahle ku-25 MJ/kg.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-23-2021